Highlights of a longer note reviewing cycle developments in Korea before the BOK meeting, and from a short analysis of today's profits release in China. Also, charts on today's other releases: business confidence in Korea, consumer confidence in Taiwan, and services PPI in Japan.
The bounce in headline profits in April was largely base effect, but there are signs of underlying improvement: revenues have started to rise, the increase in PPI is boosting profits in heavy industry, and hasn't yet derailed the post-2024 increase in total downstream manufacturing earnings.
The BOK's main considerations for policy are growth, inflation, KRW and housing. Three were already pointing to hikes, and tomorrow the bank is likely to raise expected growth above potential too. That makes a rate hike likely. The risk is it still just a bit too early.
A longer note on the implications of the chip boom for China. Also today, the BOJ's charts on underlying inflation, which show the bank's preferred measure of core rising to 2.8% YoY. IP growth in Taiwan slowed in April, but remains at over 20% YoY, and the recovery in retail sales is continuing.
The surge in semiconductor exports that is such an import theme across the region is also an important dynamic in China. But in China, the semiconductor trade has broader implications: for the trade surplus, import demand, the export outlook, and inflation, both in the region and ROW.
Today has been quiet for data releases. The main indicator of cyclical importance is 10-day upstream price data for China, which show an easing of inflation pressure since May. Elsewhere, Taiwan tourist arrivals data continue to lag behind the big recoveries seen in Korea and Japan.
Two of the cycle themes in the region are the strength of the AI trade, and macro stability in China. These in turn form the context for the third: the impact of the Iran war. If that conflict, finally, is near some kind of resolution, market confidence around rate hikes could actually increase.
A few things on Japan today: CPI and export data in April, and Koeda's interesting speech yesterday. Consumer confidence in Korea rebounded in May, but property price expectations also firmed. Taiwan's labour market remains tight, with unemployment firmly pinned at the 20-year low of 3.3%.
Tuition as well as energy subsidies make inflation look particularly low relative to the likely upside from the Iran war. The conflict will also slow growth. However, both export data for April and Koeda's speech yesterday indicate that growth downside will be limited if global tech demand sustains.
Machine orders in March and trade in April show Japan's cycle doing well before the war; the PMI for May points to deterioration since, and yet higher inflation. April PPI shows inflation going higher in Korea too, but strong exports so far through May show downside risks to overall growth are less.
Today's main data releases were in Taiwan: another enormous CA surplus in Q1, which strong export orders for April suggest isn't about to decline much in Q2. Japan's May Reuters Tankan was solid, but the outlook weak. Finally, some charts from my China trade dashboard, available on the website.
Japan GDP for Q1 and services output for March were both firm, but there are clear downside risks because of the War. Korean quarterly household loan growth accelerated, which adds to the reasons for the BOK to be hawkish. Also today, my latest podcast, in which I discuss these and other issues.
A discussion with IRF about my views on the region
A lot on China today, with the release of the main official economic indicators for April, Friday's BOP data for Q1, and today's fx settlement figures. Also, an update on the implications for Taiwan of Trump's interview to Fox news following his summit with Xi Jinping.
My initial interpretation of the Xi-Trump meeting looks wrong. While in the official talks neither side gave much, in a subsequent interview with Fox news, President Trump softened US support for Taiwan. Over the medium-term, that could be significant for politics in Taiwan, and currency valuations.
Most of the headline activity data in April weakened, with goods retail sales being particularly bad. So, clearly no macro recovery. But services retail sales picked up, and the stability in home sales and household liquidity preference, and firmer pricing, continue to suggest broad stabilisation.
The main regional themes weren't challenged by events last week: macro stabilisation in China; upside risks to inflation, particularly in Japan; and upside risks to growth, a theme for both Taiwan and Korea as long as the energy crisis in the Middle East doesn't derail the semiconductor super cycle.
Highlights of a longer note exploring why China's imports have suddenly picked up so sharply. Also, some analysis of trade price data for Korea and Japan: import prices in both are rising fast, but it is export prices increasing at record-breaking rates. Finally, yesterday's monetary data in China.
Data today for Japan and Korea show the inflationary impact of the War, with import prices in both economies rising at double-digit rates. However, such rises have been seen before. By contrast, export price inflation is setting records, offsetting the hit from energy prices to domestic growth.
The big trade story this year is the sudden rise in imports. There are some signs of firmer domestic demand. But 80% of the increase is from two categories alone: precious metals and semiconductors. And most of the semi strength is volumes, which is puzzling when global IC prices are rising so much.
A quick review of inflation trends in China, with the release today of upstream price data for the first 20 days of May. Also, highlights of the speech by BOJ policy board member Masu Kazuyuki.
A longer piece on how the impact of pricier energy imports is being offset by big increases in electronics export prices. Today's data releases showed competing cycle indicators in Japan: strong bank lending versus a weak EW survey. Some contradictions also in Korea, with low UE, but soft wages too.
The Iran War will push up inflation. But for growth, transmission is via the terms of trade, and higher import prices are being offset by historical rises in export prices, increases that are unlikely to be just cyclical. That supports growth in Asia, at the expense of even more inflation for ROW.
Signs of less loosening in China, in both the PBC monetary policy report for Q126, and the April release of the central bank's liquidity operations. In Japan, the summary of the April MPC show more pressure to tighten. Consumption data for March and trade data for early April were stable.
China CPI and PPI data for April showed a further strengthening of inflation. Korea's trade data for the first 10 days of May indicate no slowdown in semi exports (or rise in energy imports). Data for Taiwan through March point to a slowdown in wage growth in recent months.